How can we make a better world without affecting the capacity of future generations to fulfill their own needs ? We have operational tools to deal with some definitions, but in reality, is it sustainable development ? The following ideas have been found on Internet these days. They are probably not the ultimate answer, but maybe they can contribute lighting up some consensual or controversial areas of this complex system. Indeed, it is easier to define what is not sustainable than what is.
Is it developing integrated aquaculture in saltwater to save freshwater ?
Land based aquaculture near our oceans utilizing species that tolerate or need saltwater for survival, along with microalgae being farmed in the same grow out ponds, algaculture, could be a partial answer of our two most daunting world problems, potable water and oil. Combining the three elements will save potable water, grow food for human consumption as well as provide bio fuels for industry and transportation. When the elements of aquaculture and algaculture are performed independently, there is benefit of course but when combined into a single multifunctional operation the benefits increase exponentially. We know that aquaculture has problems with its use of potable water for freshwater species, but take a fish like tilapia that is tolerant to saltwater, throw into the mix shrimp add microalgae and utilize this saltwater for your grow out ponds of all three, that then gets recycled back into the system and you not only have huge benefits of all but for all [8].
Is it homegrown food ?
The latest trend for the environmental sustainability has been to bring food sources closer to densely populated areas, e.g. cities [10]. Chris Brown [1], head of ethical and sustainable sourcing at Asda, a British supermarket chain considers his tilapia supply as a success story. This omnivorous freshwater species traditionally found in the Africa is now farmed sustainably in Britain: "We have a guy who farms tilapia for us in Cambridgeshire. He uses the waste from a nearby power plant – powered by chicken litter – to heat his ponds and grow the fish." For [7], one problem is that global accreditation schemes, such as the Marine Stewardship Council's blue ecolabel, do not take account of the energy impacts of the airfreight often used to move eco-labelled products around the world. A Danish researcher, Mikkel Thrane, who has proposed a ban on the air freight of MSC-labelled products, argues that “it doesn’t make sense to put a label on a product reflecting sustainability when non-carbon-friendly shipping methods are being used.”
Is it quality-certified aquaculture ?
According to the blog “Regards sur la Pêche et l'Aquaculture”, the competition between self-declared certifying organization and sustainable seafood advisers led to confusion at the level of the consumers [2]. Similar opinion for [7]: the main problem is not a lack of information. A raft of eco labels has been launched, and Iceland, Sweden and Ireland run their their own ecolabel systems for fish. But the multiplicity of such schemes, many of which are based on contradictory criteria, makes it harder for consumers make informed choices about what they are buying.
Is it indigenous fish farming ?
Brazilians are putting a lot of efforts for permiting sustainable farming [4], [5] and fishing [6] of pirarucu (El Paiche) Arapaima gigas.
Is it an aquaculture that supports the poorest and help improve their livelihoods ?
In the Philippines, the mangangapa-de gaton system is very original system, where aquaculture supports the poor by giving access to extensive shrimp pond leftovers [3] [9].
Is it developing integrated aquaculture in saltwater to save freshwater ?
Land based aquaculture near our oceans utilizing species that tolerate or need saltwater for survival, along with microalgae being farmed in the same grow out ponds, algaculture, could be a partial answer of our two most daunting world problems, potable water and oil. Combining the three elements will save potable water, grow food for human consumption as well as provide bio fuels for industry and transportation. When the elements of aquaculture and algaculture are performed independently, there is benefit of course but when combined into a single multifunctional operation the benefits increase exponentially. We know that aquaculture has problems with its use of potable water for freshwater species, but take a fish like tilapia that is tolerant to saltwater, throw into the mix shrimp add microalgae and utilize this saltwater for your grow out ponds of all three, that then gets recycled back into the system and you not only have huge benefits of all but for all [8].
Is it homegrown food ?
The latest trend for the environmental sustainability has been to bring food sources closer to densely populated areas, e.g. cities [10]. Chris Brown [1], head of ethical and sustainable sourcing at Asda, a British supermarket chain considers his tilapia supply as a success story. This omnivorous freshwater species traditionally found in the Africa is now farmed sustainably in Britain: "We have a guy who farms tilapia for us in Cambridgeshire. He uses the waste from a nearby power plant – powered by chicken litter – to heat his ponds and grow the fish." For [7], one problem is that global accreditation schemes, such as the Marine Stewardship Council's blue ecolabel, do not take account of the energy impacts of the airfreight often used to move eco-labelled products around the world. A Danish researcher, Mikkel Thrane, who has proposed a ban on the air freight of MSC-labelled products, argues that “it doesn’t make sense to put a label on a product reflecting sustainability when non-carbon-friendly shipping methods are being used.”
Is it quality-certified aquaculture ?
According to the blog “Regards sur la Pêche et l'Aquaculture”, the competition between self-declared certifying organization and sustainable seafood advisers led to confusion at the level of the consumers [2]. Similar opinion for [7]: the main problem is not a lack of information. A raft of eco labels has been launched, and Iceland, Sweden and Ireland run their their own ecolabel systems for fish. But the multiplicity of such schemes, many of which are based on contradictory criteria, makes it harder for consumers make informed choices about what they are buying.
Is it indigenous fish farming ?
Brazilians are putting a lot of efforts for permiting sustainable farming [4], [5] and fishing [6] of pirarucu (El Paiche) Arapaima gigas.
Is it an aquaculture that supports the poorest and help improve their livelihoods ?
In the Philippines, the mangangapa-de gaton system is very original system, where aquaculture supports the poor by giving access to extensive shrimp pond leftovers [3] [9].
REFERENCES
[1] http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/features/Bunch-of-reasons-to-put.5570717.jp (consulted on August 20, 2009)
[2] http://aquaculture-aquablog.blogspot.com/2009/08/la-guerre-fait-rage-entre-les.html (consulted on August 20, 2009)
[3] http://agents.cirad.fr/pjjimg/lionel.dabbadie@cirad.fr/cirad08.pdf (consulted on August 27, 2009)
[4] http://www.conexaooeste.com.br/index.php?exibe=noticias&id=617 (consulted on August 20, 2009)
[5] http://seagro.to.gov.br/noticia.php?id=1274 (consulted on August 20, 2009)
[6] http://www.mamiraua.org.br/ (consulted on August 20, 2009)
[7] http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/010368.html (consulted on August 21, 2009)
[8] http://www.glgroup.com/News/Aquaculture-Microalgae-and-Saltwater-Could-Help-Alter-Our-Worlds-Water-Crisis-42752.html (consulted on August 27, 2009)
[9] http://www.cirad.fr/fr/le_cirad/pdf/cirad08.pdf (consulted on August 20, 2009)
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